Sh2o3-adduct of an organic monobasic fatty acid triglyceride with an organic polyisocyanate composition



United States Patent Sbg O -ADDUCT OF AN ORGANIC MONOBASIC 'FATTY ACID 'IRIGLYCERIDE WITH AN OR- GANIC POLYISOCYA'NATE COMPOSITION Waclaw Szukiewicz, Snyder, N.Y., assignor to Allied Chemical Corporation, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Filed Dec. 1, 1958, Ser. No. 777,214

9 Claims. 01. 106-266) quently employed with various plastic materials, the

physical properties of such filled and pigmented products cannot be predicted from a knowledge of the effect of the filler or pigment in other plastics or of other fillers in the same plastic. For example, the addition of some finely divided metallic oxides to synthetic rubber (GR-S) results in decreased tensile strength whereas the incorporation of carbon black gives a product with a greatly increased tensile strength (tenfold increase).

Polyurethane products containing inorganic pigments such as ferric oxide (Fe O lead oxide (Pb O or titanium dioxide undergo rapid cross-linkingwithavailable isocyanate groups and consequently cannot be employed for the manufacture of one-can coating or adhesivefcompositionswhich are capable of being stored for; months at'ordinary temperatures without reacting to form a gelatinous mass.- Inorganic fillers; such as aluminumpowder, bentoniteand graphite, also cause rapid gelation of solutions of polyurethane compositions;

- object of the present invention is to provide new compositions comprising a mixture of. Sb Og and anadduct of an organic monobasic fatty acid triglyceride with an organic polyisocyanate, which compositions possess long pot life and are'useful as adhesives possessing improved bond strength and superior resistance to chemicals and solvents. Another object of the present invention is to provide novel compositions comprising a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of an organic monobasic fatty acid triglyceride with an organic polyisocyanate, which possess long pot life and are useful for producing coatings and films having superior resistance to abrasion, chemicals and solvents as well as low water absorption. Other objects and advantages of the present invention "be apparent from the following description.

My invention relates to the preparation of an Sb O polyurethane'resin composition having an unusual and superior combination of properties which give it exceptional utility as an adhesive, coating, and film forming composition. In particular, the invention relates to compositions which comprise a mixture of Sb O and an adduct (prepolymer) of a monobasic fatty acid tri-- glyceride having a hydroxyl number of about 50 or higher, with an organic polyisocyanate sufiicient to provide from 1.5 to 4.0, preferably 1.8 to 2.5, isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb O being present in the proportion of about 25 to about 300%, preferably from about 50% to about 150% by weight'of the adduct.- I have found that the incorporation of Sb O powder into such adducts gives compositions which 2 possess extraordinary pot life yet cure in the presence or absence of conventional tertiary amine accelerators to form adhesives of superior strength and films of improved resistance to solvents and chemicals. presence of much smaller proportions of Sb O e.g. about 10% by weight, produces a negligible eifect of little prac- 1 tical value, while the use of amounts substantially greater than about 300% is undesirable, since inter alia, it produces adhesivesrof unduly low bond strength.

The novel compositions are preferably employed with an anhydrous, inert volatile organic solvent, e.g. toluene, ethyl acetate, etc. as a thinner or diluent to provide fluid, workable mixtures, which may be applied to the surfaces to be, coated; the solvent thinner is then allowed to evaporate and the residual mass is cured at ordinary or elevated'temperatures. Preferably, the adduct is formed prior to mixing with Sb O but alternatively the adduct forming triglyceride and polyisocyanate reactants may be incorporated into the mixture and allowed to react and form the prepolymer therein.

The amount of Sb O employed to produce the new adhesive and coating compositions of the present invention may be varied widely, in part depending on the use to which the composition is to be put. In general, at least 25% by weight of the triglyceride-polyisocyanate. adduct" is" required to produce an adhesive which is. cured at room 1 temperature in the presence of a catalyst such as a tertiary amine or metallic drier (lead naphthenate) or at a temperatureof -200 in the absence of a catalyst. "The upper limit to theamount of S-b O that can be employed is governed by the loss of bond strength (or tensile strength of films), shear strength dropping markedly when more than 300% by Weight based on the triglyceridepolyisocyanate'adduct of Sb O is incorporated. For optimum results the Sb' O utilized is a high grade, finely powdered antimony trioxide essentially free of the pentoxide. and containing not more than 0.1% of impurities.

Suitable monobasic fatty acid triglycerides having a hydroxyl number of about 50 or higher include castor oils (which are preferred), hydrogenated castor oils," blown 1 linseed oils and blown soya oils. 7 Polyisocyanates suitable for making the prepolymer include 24- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanates, diphenylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate, pand m-phenylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diis'ocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, triphenylmethtine-4,4',4"-triisocyanate. The pre ferred organic isocyanate is diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate;

The preparation of glyceride-polyisocyanate prepolymers' (adducts) of the present type is well known. Pref erably, they are prepared by heating a mixture of the p'olyol'and polyisocyanate to 50-70 C. in an inert, dry.

atmosphere, e.g. nitrogen gas.

The more detailed practice of the invention is illus-' (bakers grade DB, hydroxyl number 163,- 123 parts equivalent to 0.395 OH group), is added. The mixture is heated to 60-70 for about one hour, cooled to room temperature and stored in a dry atmosphere of nitrogen.

Example 1 A mixture of the castor oil-diphenylmethane-4,4-di isocyanate adduct (50 parts of the adduct prepared above), Sb O (50 parts, C.P. grade Sb O powder),

and anhydrous toluene parts) was run in a ball'lnill I Patented July 5, 1960 In general, the

for '48 hours. The resulting mixture has a dispersion fineness of the order of 7-8 measured on the Hegman gauge (described in August 1950 issue of The Oflicial Digest) 1 4 Foruseas' an adhesive to bon'd aluminum to aluminum the above compositioncan beemployed without additi'on of'a tertiary amine catalyst if the bond is cured at a tern perature of -175.l80'for one'hour. The aluminum=surfaces-to be bonded are thoroughly cleaned'iand 'a thin layer of, adhesive appliedto eaclt surface, an open cure of about 3O' minutes is allowed'before placingthe coated- Thebond is cured under slight pres surfaces together; V sure for one'hour at 175 180 and liept at room temperature for about 24 hours beforetesting the-shear strength.

' A similaraluminum to aluminum bond wasmade em ploying the same caster oil-diphenylmethanelA dii'so-- cyanate adduct but Containing no-Sb Og and usin'g lE% N-ethyl diethanolamine as catalyst to -promote the'cure of the bond. V g I V SHEAR STRENGTH OF ALUMINUM TO ALUMINUM BOND ZihISz, Shays; tldays; p.s.i., 1 psi. psi.

Control-(1% N-etlry1diethanolam1ne) L760 1 800 1,300 SbzOs adhesive cmp0siti0n 2,760 2,800 2,800

Aluminumto. aluminum bonds were. prepared employing as the adhesive urethane-Sb O compositions, in which the amount of Sb O and solvent; was-variedr Themethod of preparation was as above, the amountof -each constituent in the adhesive being expressed as. a percentage by weight of the total composition. The table below'shows shear strength resultsof such bonds-.,

SHEAR STRENGTH OF ALUMINUMQTO ALUMINUM BoN-D v 7 Optimum results were obtained .with theadhesive composition containing 40% by weight. of- Sb O 40%- by weight of castor oil-diphenylrnethane-4,4-diisocyanateadduct; and 20%. by weight of. solvent. This composition was employed to bond steel to steel and brass to brass using the same conditions as for'the aluminum bonding and the shear strength of such bonds was-1920 psi. for steel and 1320 p.s.i. for the brass.

Aluminum to aluminum bonds. were prepared employing as the adhesive a polyol-polyisocyanate adduct; containing various fillers. The adhesive. compositions ;were

' CastorOil/ Shear -Sbz0s Nacconats. Solvent:r Strength,

300*;Adduct p.s.i.

54 1B 28 1,866, 20 40. 40' 2,100 25. 25. s 50 2.000 45. 5 45:5 9 g 2,060 33% 33% 33%.. 2,800 40 40 20... 0,120

4 Example-2 Castor oil-diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate adduct (50'parts of the product prepared for Example 1 above) was mixed in a ball mill for 48 hours with Sb O (50 parts, C.P. grade Sb O3), and; anhydrous toluene (25 parts). The. resulting. mixture, (35. parts) was diluted... with anhydrous toluene, (35' parts.) and, 1% of- Isl-ethyl diethanolamine; catalyst was added with eflicient The solution was then cast on a clean mercury surface (6" x' 10'') and the solvent evaporated"to -producega tack-free film in about 1 /2 hours. The cure ofthe film was completed by heating for one hour-at 38' anatwo hours at 175-480 7 The tensile strength of the completely cured film was 2500 psi. and the film" had a highgloss. Such filled polyurethane films are resistant to abrasion, marring,

organic solvents. such asxyleneor dichlorobenzene; and

acid or base solutions. v

Example '3,

The. dilutedcomp sition of Example 2"'above was usedf toprod'uce an 0.003" thick coating on glass}, A coating on glass was produced from a castor oili/isocyanate adduct-Sb O -so1vent' mixture containing no,

The coating composition after addition of catalyst has a pot lifeof about 72 hours.

obtained from a mixturerof castor oil-diphenylmethane- 4,4'-diisocyanate (50' parts of the adduct prepared above), anhydrous toluene solvent (50 parts) and filler (25 parts), the method of making thebond and. curing conditions were the same as were employed above in Example 1. The adhesive compositions, excepttthe; one containing antimony trioxide, had a conventional, tertiary amine (1% N-ethyldiethanolam nc) incorporated. just prior to use.

SHEAR STRENGTH OEALUMINUM'TO ALUMINUMBQND Filler Bond Strength p;s.i.

C1120, 1,200. P1130; 4..---- 2,140. (composition gelled g rapidly) ZnO 1,040. Alpowder $1,080. Sb: 3---- 2,100.-

Example 4 A grey paint suitable for industrial application-to prevent corrosion of metal or steel can be obtained-by} incorporating a small amount of colloidal carbon; into a mixture of I castor oil-diphenylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate adduct, Sb O and solvents. Y

A mixture of castor oil-'diphenylmethane-4A diisocya'nate adduct (60 parts; as prepared above for'Exa'mple 1 813 0 (60 parts)", anhydrous organic solvents I parts of toluene and 8 parts of ethyl acetateyand colloidal carbon (0.3 part) was run in a ball for 48- hours.-

About 1% of N'-ethyldiethanolamine was stirred into thesolution before application to metal or'steel, the-painti dried to a tack-free state in about 1 /2 hours; 7 7

Example 5 i i 0 An. adhesive suitable for bonding polyvinyl chloride filmor sheet to lightweight metal sheets (magnesium or aluminum) wasprepared as follows:

Castor oil diphenylmethane g 4.4"- (50 parts of the product prepared above) was in a ball'mill for 48' hourswith 813 0 (1501 parts, CZP. grade'sb o and anhydrous toluene :(25. parts)? .The

resulting mixture (50parts)' was diluted with anhydrous ethyl acetate (50 parts); this solution can stored under an atmosphere of nitrogen for at least three months.

The adhesive solution was appliedto the surfacesito be bonded, an open cure of'from 8 to 12' minutes is usual;

he coated mag um m t l she t-was flasha di 60-65 for 30 to 40,s econds, the coatedpolyvinylj chloride.

was heated to 017.10 to lsseconds and' the two surfa s were brough into. ntact? app y ng suflieient' pressure to insure goodjcontact. Aftera period ofijfour to. seven days the strength of'the bondisgenerally greater than. the tear strength ofthe Poly y chloride if" Employing embossed polyvinyl" chloride filnrsuch'as ocyanate adduet Aging time (hours) Peel strength (lbs) y-8 10 -11% 11 44% 12 as 12 -1s Maximum strength of the bond is usually obtained in about four days.

Example 6 Steel probes were dip coated with a castor oil-diphenylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate adduct-Sb O -toluene composition (50 parts adduct, 50 parts Sb O and 75 parts toluene), and a control set of steel probes were coated with a castor oil-diphenylmethane-4-4-diisocyanate adduct in toluene. To both coating compositions lead naphthenate catalyst was added just before use. Sets of the coated probes were immersed in organic solvents (xylene, trichlorobenzene) at 90. The coatings containing Sb O were about 0.006 inch thick, Whereas the control coatings (containing no Sb O were about 0.01 inch. The castor oil-isocyanate adduct-Sb O coatings were unafiected after 1600 hours immersion in organic solvents at 90 whereas the castor oil/isocyanate adduct coatings (containing no Sb O could be easily peeled 0ft after 570 hours immersion at 90. The Sb O containing coatings were unchanged after one months immersion in 50% sulfuric acid at room temperature.

Although certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been disclosed for purpose of illustration, it will be evident that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A composition adapted for use in the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of a monobasic fatty acid triglyceride having a hydroxyl number above about 50 with an organic polyisocyanate sufiicient to provide from 1.5 to 4.0 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb O being present in the proportion of about 25% to about 300% by weight of the adduct.

2. A composition adapted for use in the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of a monobasic fatty acid triglyceride having a hydroxyl number above about 50 with an organic polyisocyanate sufficient to provide fiom 1.8 to 2.5 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb O being present in the proportion of about 50% to about 150% by weight of the adduct.

3. A composition adapted for use in'the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of a monobasic fatty acid triglyceride having a hydroxyl number above about 50 with an organic polyisocyanate suflicient to provide from 1.5 to 4.0 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb O being present in the proportion of about 25% to about 300% by weight of 8 the adduct, and an anhydrous, inert volatile organic solvent.

4. A composition adapted for use in the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of a monobasic fatty acid triglyceride having a hydroxyl number above about 50 with an organic polyisocyanate sutficient to provide from 1.8 to 2.5 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb 0 being present in the proportion of about 50% to about by weight of the adduct, and an anhydrous, inert volatile organic solvent.

5. A composition adapted for use in the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of a monobasic fatty acid triglyceride having a hydroxyl number above about 50 with an organic polyisocyanate suh'icient to provide from 1.8 to 2.5 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said $13 0 being present in the proportion of about 50% to about 150% by weight of the adduct,

and a small amount of catalyst to promote curing of the composition.

6. A composition adapted for use in the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of a monobasic fatty acid triglyceride having a hydroxyl number above about 50 with an organic polyisocyanate sufiicient to provide from 1.5 to 4.0 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said $12 0 being present in the proportion of about 25% to about 300% by weight of the adduct, an anhydrous, inert volatile organic solvent, and a small amount of catalyst to promote curing of the composition.

7. A composition adapted for use in the production or adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of Sb O and an adduct of castor oil with diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate sufiicient to provide from 1.8 to 2.5 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb O being present in the proportion of about 50% to about 150% by Weight of the adduct.

8. A composition adapted for use in the production of adhesives, coatings and films consisting essentially of a mixture of $13 0 and an adduct of castor oil with diphenylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate suflicient to provide fiom 1.8 to 2.5 isocyanate groups for each hydroxyl group in the glyceride, said Sb O being present in the proportion of about 50% to about 150% by weight of the adduct, and anhydrous toluene as a solvent.

9. A composition adapted for use in the production of I References fitted in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,075,543 Reed Mar. 30, 1937 2,769,826 Yoho Nov. 6, 1956 2,787,601 Detrick Apr. 2, 1957 2,886,455 Doggett May 12,

OTHER REFERENCES Properties of Urethane Oils, The Chemical Age, Mar. 31, 1951, pages 481-484. 

1. A COMPOSITION ADAPTED FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF ADHESIVES, COATINGS AND FILMS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A MIXTURE OF SB2O3 AND AN ADDUCT OF A MONOBASIC FATTY ACID TRIGLYCERIDE HAVING A HYDROXYL NUMBER ABOVE ABOUT 50 WITH AN ORGANIC POLYISOCYANATE SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE FROM 1.5 TO 4.0 ISOCYANATE GROUPS FOR EACH HYDROXYL GROUP IN THE GLYCERIDE, SAID SB2O3 BEING PRESENT IN THE THE ADDUCT. 